endocrine system organs

Published by on November 13, 2020

The endocrine system consists of glands or parts of glands which produce hormones that are released and distributed in the human body by means of the bloodstream. Endocrine tumours are largely autonomous, meaning that they are insensitive to any inhibition of hormone production imposed upon them through negative feedback control mechanisms. There are eight main glands that run through your body as part of the endocrine system. The outer part produces hormones called corticosteroids, which regulate the body's metabolism, the balance of salt and water in the body, the immune system, and sexual function. The digestive tract is the largest endocrine-related organ system in the body. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. month[3] = "April"; The pituitary gland is divided into two parts: the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), estrogens, and progesterone are among the most important of these because they help maintain a normal pregnancy and prepare a woman's breasts for milk production and breastfeeding. It causes tumors on at least two endocrine glands or in other organs and tissues. Adrenal glands are situated on top of the kidneys. The adrenal glands regulate salt and water retention, some reactions of the immune system, and blood pressure. Endocrine system hormones work even if the target cells are distant from the endocrine glands. The endocrine system is regulated by feedback in much the same way that a thermostat regulates the temperature in a room. In people with type 2 diabetes, tissues such as skeletal muscle are no longer responsive to the actions of insulin, which leads to abnormally high blood sugar levels, or hyperglycemia. The endocrine system is made up of organs which work in synchronization for the proper body functions. Other syndromes of endocrine hyperfunction may result when a small endocrine tumour, innocuous in itself, secretes excessive amounts of a stimulatory hormone, which then causes secondary hyperplasia of the target gland. Several organs play a major role in helping the endocrine system to work well. In the human body, the endocrine system secretes hormones which regulate the functioning of the body. The endocrine system includes all of the glands of the body and the hormones produced by those glands. Our latest podcast episode features popular TED speaker Mara Mintzer. The pancreas has a leaf-like structure and is located, on the right side, below the stomach. It consists of... Growth hormone (GH): An anabolic and protein-conserving hormone that promotes total body growth. stimulates development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics, including facial hair growth and increased muscle mass, stimulate development of female sex organs and secondary sex characteristics, maturation of ovarian follicles, formation and maintenance of bone tissue, and contraction of the uterine muscles, inhibits secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland, stimulates secretion of substances from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) in preparation for egg implantation in the uterine wall, induces relaxation of pubic ligaments during childbirth to facilitate infant delivery, stimulates cellular metabolism, lipid production, carbohydrate utilization, and central and autonomic nervous system activation, stimulates "fight or flight" response, increases heart rate, dilates blood vessels in skeletal muscles and liver, increases oxygen delivery to muscle and brain tissues, increases blood glucose concentrations, and suppresses digestion, stimulates "fight or flight" response, increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, increases blood glucose concentrations, and suppresses digestion, activates physiological stress responses to maintain blood glucose concentrations, augments constriction of blood vessels to maintain blood pressure, and stimulates anti-inflammatory pathways, regulates balance of salt and water in the body, contribute to growth and development of the male reproductive system and serve as precursors to testosterone and estrogen, stimulates growth and secretion of cells of the adrenal cortex; increases skin pigmentation, stimulates growth of essentially all tissues in the body, thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone), stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone and growth of thyroid cells, stimulates maturation of egg follicles in females and development of spermatozoa in males, stimulates rupture of mature egg follicles and production of progesterone and androgens in females and secretion of androgens in males, stimulates and maintains lactation in breast-feeding mothers, stimulates milk ejection during breast-feeding and uterine muscle contraction during childbirth, regulates fluid volume by increasing or decreasing fluid excretion in response to changes in blood pressure, stimulate melanin synthesis in skin cells to increase skin pigmentation; may also suppress appetite, stimulates synthesis and secretion of corticotropin from the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates synthesis and secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates and regulates secretion of thyrotropin from the anterior pituitary gland and may modulate neuronal activity in the brain and spinal cord, stimulates synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF; dopamine), inhibits secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland, inhibits secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon in the pancreas, and inhibits secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and secretion of acid in the stomach, hormones secreted from the stomach and pancreas that stimulate hypothalamic secretion of neuropeptides, such as neuropeptide Y, gastrin-releasing peptide, and somatostatin, that regulate appetite, fat storage, and metabolism, maintains blood glucose concentrations by stimulating release of glucose from the liver and production of glucose from amino acids and glycerol, stimulates glucose uptake and storage in adipose, muscle, and liver tissues, inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion from the pancreas and inhibits secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and secretion of acid in the stomach, inhibits contraction of the gallbladder and secretion of exocrine substances from the pancreas, increases serum calcium concentrations by stimulating release of calcium from bone tissue, reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys, and production of vitamin D in the kidneys; inhibits reabsorption of phosphate in the kidneys, decreases serum calcium concentrations by promoting uptake of calcium into bone tissue and excretion of calcium in the urine, maintain serum calcium concentrations by increasing absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestines and reabsorption of calcium and phosphate in the kidneys; mobilizes calcium from bone in response to parathyroid hormone activity, stimulates secretion of acid and pepsin in the stomach and contraction of the pyloric region of the stomach near the small intestine to increase motility during digestion, stimulates release of bile from the gallbladder into the intestine and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juices into the intestine; may induce satiety, stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas into the duodenum; inhibits secretion of gastrin in the stomach, delaying gastric emptying, inhibits secretion of acid into the stomach; stimulates secretion of insulin from the pancreas, stimulates dilation of blood vessels and secretion of water and electrolytes from the intestine; modulates immune functions, regulates circadian rhythm (primarily in response to light and dark cycles) and release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus and gonadotropins from the pituitary gland, regulates blood pressure and blood flow by catalyzing conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I in the kidneys, insulin-like growth factors (somatomedins), stimulate growth by mediating secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland, regulate many physiological processes, including dilation and constriction of blood vessels, aggregation of platelets, and inflammation.

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