kannada originated from which language

Published by on November 13, 2020

The language of the Telangana region started to split into a distinct dialect due to Muslim influence: Sultanate rule under the Tughlaq dynasty had been established earlier in the northern Deccan during the 14th century CE. By the time Kūkai learned this script the trading and pilgrimage routes overland to India, part of the Silk Road, were closed by the expanding Islamic empire of the Abbasids. [citation needed] Comparisons have been made not just with the other language families of the Indian subcontinent (Indo-European, Austroasiatic, Sino-Tibetan, and Nihali), but with all typologically similar language families of the Old World. The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 73 languages[4] that are mainly spoken in southern India and northeastern Sri Lanka, as well as certain areas in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and eastern and central India, as well as in parts of southern Afghanistan, and overseas in other countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Malaysia and Singapore. A comprehensive description of Parpola's work until 1994 is given in his book Deciphering the Indus Script.[74]. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. [13][b] Proto-Dravidian was spoken in the 4th or 3rd millennium BCE,[58][59] and it is thought that the Dravidian languages were the most widespread indigenous languages in the Indian subcontinent before the advance of the Indo-Aryan languages. [39][40][41][42][43] The spoken language is said to have separated from its proto-language source earlier than Tamil and about the same time as Tulu. [26], The Dravidian languages form a close-knit family. I dont know about the word Kannada. [15] Amongst these was the absence of a distinct present tense – like Proto-Dravidian, Old Tamil only had two tenses, the past and the "non-past". The writing of mantras and copying of Sutras using the Siddhaṃ script is still practiced in Shingon Buddhism in Japan but has died out in other places. Most scholars agree on four groups: South (or South Dravidian I), South-Central (or South Dravidian II), Central, and North Dravidian, but there are different proposals regarding the relationship between these groups. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKnorozov1965 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHeras1953 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFParpola1994 (, sfnp error: no target: CITEREFMahadevan2003 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "A Bayesian phylogenetic study of the Dravidian language family", "Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues –2001", "Countries where Tamil is official language தமிழ் நாடுகள்", "Dr Veerendra Heggade in Dubai to Unite Tuluvas for Tulu Sammelan", History and Archaeology, Volume 1, Issues 1-2, "Dravidian language family is approximately 4,500 years old, new linguistic analysis finds", "The Formation of Human Populations in South and Central Asia", "Peoples and languages in pre-Islamic Indus valley", A Note on the Muruku Sign of the Indus Script in light of the Mayiladuthurai Stone Axe Discovery, "Gondi manuscript translation to reveal Gondwana history", "Experts Question Dates of Script in Tamil Nadu's Keeladi Excavation Report", "Early Sources for South Asian Substrate Languages", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dravidian_languages&oldid=989546751, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from December 2019, Articles lacking reliable references from March 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles needing additional references from August 2017, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, In some words, *k is retracted or spirantized, shifting to. [6] Among Indian languages, Tamil has one of the ancient Indian literature besides others. [72], Linguist Asko Parpola writes that the Indus script and Harappan language are "most likely to have belonged to the Dravidian family". [88], Vedic Sanskrit has retroflex consonants (ṭ/ḍ, ṇ) with about 88 words in the Rigveda having unconditioned retroflexes. The entire set of manuscripts are dated to the 1st century CE making them the oldest Buddhist manuscripts in existence. [65] Already in 1924, when announcing the discovery of the IVC, John Marshall stated that (one of) the language(s) may have been Dravidic. But unlike Sanskrit, there is continuity between its classical and modern forms documented in inscriptions, poems and secular and religious texts and songs. Vijayanagar Empire which is called the Golden era in the history of medieval India saw a lot of development in all literary form of both Kannada and Telugu. It was suggested in the 1980s that the language was spoken in the 4th millennium BCE, and started disintegrating into various branches around 3rd millennium BCE. [33] Kolipakam, et al. This branch also includes the tribal language Gondi spoken in central India. Narasimhan et al. [49][50][51] Over 30,000 inscriptions written in the Kannada language have been discovered so far. [91][92][93], In addition, a number of grammatical features of Vedic Sanskrit not found in its sister Avestan language appear to have been borrowed from Dravidian languages. [17], Despite the significant amount of grammatical and syntactical change between Old, Middle and Modern Tamil, Tamil demonstrates grammatical continuity across these stages: many characteristics of the later stages of the language have their roots in features of Old Tamil. The Gupta script was descended from Brahmi and gave rise to the Siddham script and then Bengali-Assamese script. [1] It would have had similarities to Proto-Indo-Iranian, but would ultimately have used Sanskritized phonemes and morphemes. "The Dravidian languages played a significant role in influencing other language groups," said Annemarie Verkerk of the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient abugida (a kind of alphabetic script) used by the Gandhara culture of ancient northwest India to write the Gāndhārī and Sanskrit languages. [31] Their affiliation has been proposed based primarily on a small number of common phonetic developments, including: McAlpin (2003)[32] notes that no exact conditioning can be established for the first two changes, and proposes that distinct Proto-Dravidian *q and *kʲ should be reconstructed behind these correspondences, and that Brahui, Kurukh-Malto, and the rest of Dravidian may be three coordinate branches, possibly with Brahui being the earliest language to split off. All rights reserved. After the Indo-Aryan migrations into north-western India, starting ca. Telugu literature begins in the 11th century with a version of the Hindu epic Mahabharata by the writer Nannaya Bhatta.. The origin of Kannada language, also known as kannarese, can be traced to the early Christian era. It is known as Saalu Mane Ata or Jodpi Ata or Char-Par in Kannada and is popular as Navakankari in various parts of India. In 2019, the Tamil Nadu Archaeology Department released a report on excavations at Keeladi, near Madurai, Tamil Nadu, including a description of potsherds dated to the 6th century BCE inscribed with personal names in the Tamil-Brahmi script. Both the languages arose around the same time and they are believed to have originated from the common Telugu-Kannada script. This gave a new dimension to Kannada literature. The Kannada script is closely related to the Telugu script; both emerged from an Old Kannarese (Karnataka) script. The earliest inscriptions in Prakrit are those of Ashoka, emperor of the Maurya Empire, and while the various Prakrit languages are associated with different patron dynasties, with different religions and different literary traditions. [citation needed], The Austroasiatic family spoken in East and North-east India. Nationalist poets began to utilize the power of poetry in influencing the masses. This alignment game requires 2 players. Records written in PreOld Kannada format correspond to the period 450 to 800 AD. The largest group of the Dravidian languages is South Dravidian, with almost 150 million speakers. [8], The earliest records in Old Tamil are short inscriptions from around the 6th century BCE in caves and on pottery. [3], Proto-Dravidian and onset of diversification, Earlier fragmentary finds have been claimed, e.g.

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